Diabetic nephropathy diet What precautions?

Diabetic nephropathy is less than for people with diabetes to avoid any complications, many patients know it's terrible, but still can not be avoided. Note that this Armed Police Beijing Corps hospital diabetes treatment experts to diabetic nephropathy in patients with kidney disease diet: the diet of diabetic nephropathy arrangements more difficult, it is necessary to ensure adequate calories and nutrients, but also limit the carbohydrates, fats and protein. So, if conditions should be under the guidance of the dietitians, according to the condition, adjust the three meals a day.
Protein intake
Long-term to take high-protein diet may increase kidney filtration state, while increasing the generation and retention of the body of toxic nitrogen metabolites, leading to further renal damage. Therefore, we propose to limit the right amount of protein in the diet to reduce kidney damage.
Myth: patients, mainly vegetarian or do not eat meat, dairy products, eggs, low-protein diet, but less vegetarian vegetable protein containing essential amino acids, can not meet the needs of the body's long-term consumption may cause the protein nutritional bad, is not conducive to the recovery of renal function.
How to limit the intake of protein
Limit the total amount of protein. General proposition, the protein in the daily diet, according to the 0.6-0.8 g / kg standard weight given to increase the proportion of high-quality protein, but also within the scope of the limited star. In patients with diabetic nephropathy 3,4 adhere to other principles of diabetes nutrition therapy at the same time, grasp the quality and quantity of the daily protein intake, and out of balance, it may be beneficial for the recovery of the kidneys. For example: height 170 cm, the standard weight of 65 kg, urine albumin 80 mg / min in early diabetic nephropathy. Total protein in the daily diet should be: 65 x 0.6-65 × 0.8 = 39 grams to 52 grams of high quality protein should be accounted for more than 25 grams.
When the development of diabetic nephropathy to end stage renal disease, protein restriction should be more stringent. The clinical part of the wheat starch diet as a major source of energy, instead of rice and flour. Staple foods such as rice and flour contains a higher amount of non-high-quality vegetable protein (50 g each containing about 4 grams), while little protein content of wheat starch in plants. However, wheat starch production is not easy, can also be used the marketing of corn flour instead. This can save a plant protein, to be supplemented with animal protein, and thus more conducive to meet the body's physiological needs.
The supply of amino acids: as much as possible the intake of essential amino acids, can also be oral alpha acid (renal Tablets) to replace part of the essential amino acids; or renal amino acid supplement.
Heat: in the low protein diet, heat supply must be adequate to maintain normal physiological needs. Daily intake of 30-35 kcal / kg body weight of the heat. You can select some high in calories and low protein content of staple foods such as potatoes, lotus root starch, vermicelli, taro, sweet potatoes, yams, pumpkin, water chestnut flour, water chestnut powder, dietary total calories of the standard range. Ensure the supply and demand balance.
Fat: end stage renal disease is often associated with lipid metabolism disorders, insist on a low fat intake. Olive oil, peanut oil contains a rich monounsaturated fatty acids, can be used as the source of energy.
Salt restriction: ESRD to a certain stage of development can often have high blood pressure, performance as a reduction of edema or urine output, limiting salt can effectively prevent the progress of complications. Accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, should not unduly limit the sodium salt, or even need to add.
Water: master patient fluid intake and balance is also very important. End stage renal disease in uremia, oliguria or anuria, when the water intake Chang very important, too much intake of water will increase the burden on the kidneys, leading to disease progression, it is generally a day into the fluid volume for the previous day's urine output plus 500 ml; However, when patients with fever, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, it should be more fluid. Therefore, patients need to understand the water content of the food, Expenditure and Revenues.
Potassium: the daily urine output greater than 1000 ml and normal serum potassium amount, not to restrict the intake of minutes, can generally be free to choose fresh vegetables and fruits. Kidney excretion of potassium decreased, if hyperkalemia, often on the body to cause harm or even life-threatening and should therefore be appropriate to limit high potassium foods, should be lower than the 1500-2000 mg daily. General, like fruits and vegetables (pumpkin, melon, gourd), apples, pears, pineapple, watermelon, grapes, and potassium content are relatively low, you can eat high potassium foods such as rape, spinach, leeks, tomatoes, seaweed, bananas, peaches, etc., should be limited as appropriate; but does not mean that absolutely can not eat, but should choose to eat in the total range, while avoiding the consumption of concentrated fruit juice, gravy, you should eat more; when hypokalemia high potassium food.
Calcium, phosphorus: kidney damage, the excretion of phosphorus will be reduced, resulting in hyperphosphatemia increased. Loss, affect the absorption of calcium and vitamin D3 synthesis. Reduce the concentration of calcium in the blood, prone to osteoporosis, so ideal for the treatment of dietary calcium content should be increased as much as possible to reduce the phosphorus content. Low-protein diet reduces the intake of phosphorus, in favor of treatment.
The majority of patients with diabetic nephropathy is not to eat do not worry, experts have warned that patients with diabetes, the diabetic condition was not effectively controlled can cause a variety of complications, diabetic nephropathy is only one of the above introduction. Therefore, how to treat